Get Ready for the interview of HTML5

Whether you’ve studied HTML, HTML5, or other web development languages via college courses, online courses, boot camps, or self-study, there will come a time when you need to get a job and the gateway between you and gainful employment is the interview process. If you’ve started your own website or are a freelancer, you can count yourself among the lucky few because everyone else has to go through the dreaded interview process. While it seems daunting, you can still sail through your interview effortlessly and land that job–or at least the second interview–with some clever preparation.
We got rid of the generic interview preparation questions, making instead a list of questions that will help you prepare for a tough job interview focusing on HTML, HTML5 and other web development tools. Get these on your memory drive and you’ll be well on your way to a successful HTML coding career.
General Questions
Believe it or not, some people find that the most difficult part of the interview is the icebreaker portion that involves small talk and requires some clever improvisation on your part. You can prepare by knowing some of the questions potential employers might ask during this interview phase. Come up with a good story for each of the questions. If you don’t have an answer for these, then maybe you are not as gung-ho about web design as you thought you were.
1. Have you learned something new or interesting lately?

• Make sure you know all the relevant news and blogs. You should be reading them regardless, but doing so on a daily basis during your job search is important. Be ready to talk casually and fluently about the latest web trends.

2. Why did you get into coding, programming, etc.?

• “Because I can make good $,” “I don’t like to dress up or shave,” and “because I loved the movie Hackers,” are not good enough answers. Well… a comment about Hackers might fly but make sure you have a real backstory that describes your “Aha!” moment.

3. What is your preferred development environment?

• This is your chance to talk shop and demonstrate some industry knowledge. Be prepared to talk about your favorite editor, browser, plug-ins, operating system, and other tools. Freshen up on your lingo.

4. What is the coolest thing you ever coded? Do you have any personal projects you are working on?

• These two questions are interchangeable. Any developer worth his weight had to practice somewhere or on something before they landed their first gig. If not, how did you get this interview anyway?! Review your past experiences, and even if they were boring to you, figure out a new frame of reference that demonstrates passion and a zest for learning.

5. How do you optimize a website’s assets?

• There are a number of answers to this question: File concatenation, file compression, CDN Hosting, offloading assets, re-organizing and refining code, etc. Have a few ready.

6. What are three ways to reduce page load time?

• Again there are many answers here: Reduce image sizes, remove unnecessary widgets, HTTP compression, put CSS at the top and script references at the bottom or in external files, reduce lookups, minimize redirects, caching, etc.

7. What kind of things must you be wary of when design or developing for multilingual sites?

• Another problem with many solutions: setting the default language, using Unicode encoding, using the ‘lang’ attribute, being aware of standard font sizes and text direction, and language word length (may affect layout).

Beginner HTML Questions

8. What is HTML?

• HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language. It is the dominant markup language for creating websites and anything that can be viewed in a web browser. If you want to get some extra bonus points, you can learn the history of HTML and throw in some obscure facts.

9. What is the difference between HTML elements and tags?

• HTML elements communicate to the browser how to render text. When surrounded by angular brackets <> they form HTML tags. For the most part, tags come in pairs and surround text.

10. What is “Semantic HTML?”

• Semantic HTML is a coding style where the tags embody what the text is meant to convey. In Semantic HTML, tags like <b></b> for bold, and <i></i> for italic should not be used, reason being they just represent formatting, and provide no indication of meaning or structure. The semantically correct thing to do is use <strong></strong> and <em></em>. These tags will have the same bold and italic effects, while demonstrating meaning and structure (emphasis in this case).

11. What does DOCTYPE mean?

• The term DOCTYPE tells the browser which type of HTML is used on a webpage. In turn, the browsers use DOCTYPE to determine how to render a page. Failing to use DOCTYPE or using a wrong DOCTYPE may load your page in Quirks Mode. See example:

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">.

12. What’s the difference between standards mode and quirks mode?

• Quirks Mode is a default compatibility mode and may be different from browser to browser, which may result to a lack of consistency in appearance from browser to browser.

13. What are the limitations when serving XHTML pages?

• Perhaps the biggest issue is the poor browser support XHTML currently enjoys. Internet Explorer and a number of other user agents cannot parse XHTML as XML. Thus, it is not the extensible language it was promised to be. There are many other issues. Take your pick.

14. How many HTML tags are should be used for the most simple of web pages?

• 8 total. 4 pairs of tags.

<HTML>

<HEAD>

<TITLE>Simplest page ever!</TITLE>

</HEAD>

<BODY>

Doesn’t get simpler than this.

</BODY>

</HTML>

15. How do you make comments without text being picked up by the browser?

• Comments are used to explain and clarify code or to prevent code from being recognized by the browser. Comments start with “*<!--” and end with ” -->“.

<!-- Insert  comment here. -->

16. What is the difference between linking to an image, a website, and an email address?

• To link an image, use <img> tags. You need specify the image in quotes using the source attribute, src in the opening tag. For hyperlinking, the anchor tag, <a>, is used and the link is specified in the href attribute. Text to be hyperlinked should be placed between the anchor tags. Little known fact: href stands for “hypertext reference.” When linking to an email, the href specification will be “mailto:send@here.com.” See examples below:

<img src=”HTMLrocks.jpg”></img>

<a href=”skilprelaunch2.wpengine.com”>Skilledup</a>

<a href=”brad@skilledup.com”>Email Me</a>

17. My hyperlink or image is not displaying correctly, what is wrong with it?

• It could be any number of things, but the most common mistakes are leaving out a tag bracket or quote missing for href, src, or alt text may be the issue. You should also verify the link itself.

18. What is the syntax difference between a bulleted list and numbered list?

• Bulleted lists use the <ul> tag, which stands for “unordered,” whereas <ol> is used to create an ordered list.

19. What is the difference between <div> and <frame>?

• A <div> is a generic container element for grouping and styling, whereas a<frame> creates divisions within a web page and should be used within the <frameset> tag. The use of <frame> and <frameset> are no longer popular and are now being replaced with the more flexible <iframe>, which has become popular for embedding foreign elements (ie. Youtube videos) into a page.

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